نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسنده

• فاطمه فلاح تفتی

دانشیار گروه فقه و حقوق اسلامی، عضو هیات علمی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

کلیدواژه‌ها

• ادبیات مقاومت
• صحیفه سجادیه
• دادخواهی توحیدی
• توانمندسازی درون‌زا
• نظریه داده بنیاد
• ظلم

موضوعات

• علوم سیاسی
• علوم قرآن و حدیث

Decoding the Literature of Resistance: A Grounded Theory Study of Communicative Strategies in Prayer 14 of al-Ṣaḥīfa al-Sajjādīya

Fatemeh fallah tafti. Associate Professor, Department of Islamic Law and Jurisprudence, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran.[1]

Abstract

Objective: This research aims to decode the literature of resistance and extract a systematic theory of communicative strategies embedded in the 14th prayer of al-Ṣaḥīfa al-Sajjādīya (The Psalms of Islam). This supplication, which focuses on advocating for the oppressed, was utilized during the post-Karbala era of oppression as an intelligent tool for spiritual empowerment and countering injustice. Method: To achieve this objective, a qualitative approach based on Grounded Theory (GT), utilizing Charmaz's constructivist methodology, was employed. The text of the prayer was analyzed through three stages: open, axial, and selective coding. Findings: Data analysis led to the formation of a theoretical model entitled "Monotheistic Advocacy and Intrinsic Empowerment." This model demonstrates that the process of resistance is founded upon a "Monotheistic Worldview of Demanding Justice" (Causal Conditions) and is activated in the face of "the Phenomenon of Oppression and the Motive for Tyranny" (Contextual Conditions). Through the application of "Spiritual Advocacy Strategies" (Central Phenomenon)—such as exclusively channeling grievances to God and requesting the restraining of the oppressor—and simultaneously engaging in "Inner Recalibration and Contentment" (Intervening Strategies), the oppressed attain "Transformative Outcomes." These outcomes include psychological tranquility, increased resilience, and a change in the status of injustice. This research introduces prayer not merely as a devotional act, but as a powerful instrument for the attainment of rights and ethical resistance.

Keywords: Literature of Resistance, al-Ṣaḥīfa al-Sajjādīya, Monotheistic Advocacy, Intrinsic Empowerment, Grounded Theory, Oppression.

1           INTRODUCTION

Prayer (Dua) in Islamic culture, particularly within the Shia tradition, transcends mere ritualistic acts and functions as a powerful instrument for guidance, education, and resistance against existential challenges (Pishowai, 1397). Sahifa Sajjadiya, comprising prayers by Imam Ali ibn al-Husayn Zayn al-Abidin (AS) during the political suffocation following Karbala, employed prayer as a strategic method for conveying vital messages and illuminating against distortions (Tehrani, 1388). Prayer 14, focusing on injustice and the demand for justice by the oppressed, contains profound psychological, theological, and social dimensions. Despite its importance, existing studies have predominantly focused on traditional interpretive commentary, with minimal attention paid to the communicative strategies and rhetorical methods embedded within this text. This research gap necessitates a novel theoretical approach to extract a systematic model from the inner and outer strategies of spiritual resistance embedded within this prayer text.

This category describes the nature of oppression as defined in the prayer—not as personal weakness but as "violation of divine boundaries," "transgression in divine blessing," and "heedlessness of divine punishment." This conceptualization helps the supplicant understand oppression not as a result of their own deficiency but as the result of the oppressor's moral failure.

[1] Email: f.fallah@atu.ac.ir، 0000-0002-6443-5172