تحلیل و نقد آراء حکیم سبزواری در مسألۀ استجابت دعاهای حاجت‌خواهانه

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسنده

• محسن بهرامی

استادیار گروه علوم پایه، دانشکدۀ فنّی مهندسی گلپایگان، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران Basic Sciences, Isfahan University of Technology, Golpayegan College

چکیده

کلیدواژه‌ها

• حکیم سبزواری
• دعا
• استجابت
• استعداد
• نظام

موضوعات

• الهیات
• علوم قرآن و حدیث
• فلسفه و کلام اسلامی

Analysis and Critique of Hakim Sabzevari’s Views on the Issue of Petitionary Prayer Response

Mohsen Bahrami[1]

Department of Basic Sciences and Islamic Studies^, Isfahan University of Technology, Golpayegan Faculty of Engineering, Iran.

ABSTRACT. The Quran considers the non-acceptance of the prayers of polytheists as evidence of the falsity of polytheism and the misguidance of the supplicants, and the acceptance of genuine and sincere prayers as proof of the existence and oneness of God. However, the unfulfillment of certain requests made by theists challenges this claim. In response to this issue, Hakim Sabzevari, like some of his predecessors, attributes the non-acceptance of certain petitionary prayers to factors such as the incompleteness of the supplicant’s potential or of the desired object, conflict with the universal order or other particular systems, contradiction between one’s inner state and spoken words, and the inexpediency of realizing the supplicant’s request. He ascribes the acceptance of prayers to the strength of the supplicant’s soul. This article, from an intra-religious perspective, refutes the comprehensiveness of this theory, and from an extra-religious standpoint, through a logical analysis of its foundations, demonstrates its inadequacy. Intra-religious evidence indicates that this theory can neither explain the realization of certain requests that are impossible in terms of potentiality nor justify the non-fulfillment of some prophets’ prayers, despite their supreme theoretical and practical capacities according to the mentioned theory. A logical analysis of the theoretical bases of this view also reveals that several abstract concepts and presupposed principles employed in it—such as “potentiality,” “the requirement of the universal or particular system,” “the language of state,” and the principle that “every occurrence is preceded by a potentiality and a matter that bears it”—are vague or open to doubt. Moreover, general philosophical explanations cannot adequately account for the non-fulfillment of specific prayers.

" KEYWORDS ": Hakim Sabzevari; prayer; response; potentiality; system

[1] Corresponding Author.Email: m.bahrami@iut.ac.ir